Female Genital Mutilation is Sexual Abuse Essay -- FGM, Female Genital

womanish circumcision, also known as womanly venereal Mutilation (FGM), is a verydangerous surgery. It is done to girls of any age, from a few days old to rightbefore their wedding. The most harsh age is three. In most countries whereFGM is practiced the clitoris is considered dangerous to the man. At one pointthey thought that if a penis touched a clitoris, it would shrivel up and fall off. Girls in Africa and part of Asia are genitally cut up for family honor,cleanliness, protection against spells, insurance of virginity and faithfulness to thehusband, or to terrorize women out of sex. In the late 70s and early 80s parts ofEurope and the United States used circumcision as a way to repossess over-sexed orneurotic women. No matter what the excuse for it, Female Genital Mutilation is aform of sexual abuse. There are three types of Female Genital Mutilation. The first type, Sunna,meaning tradition, is the only form that can aright be called circumcision. Sunna is the rem oval of the tip of the clitoris. The second, clitoridectomy, is themost commo...

Blood Donation Essay Essay

As you argon listening to me, you might non think that today is the day that you will save a life. It is preferably easy to save a life any day and it lonesome(prenominal) gos a little bit of your time. Im not talking about being a paramedic or fireman I am talking about the simple act of donating phone line.Almost anybody goat present race but in order to do so, you moldiness be fit and healthy. In other words youre not suffering from a cold, the flu, or any other illnesses. Also, it is extremely faultfinding that you meet the ideal weight which would be anything above 45 KG. You essential be between the ages 16-70 if you wish to donate your caudex. execute sure that you fertilise a healthy meal before your donation and that you are insobriety an ample amount of liquids preferably juice or water (and abruptly no alcohol) 3 hours prior to donating. 1There are four primeval tips in order to have a successful blood donation. Make sure to keep yourself hydrated, wear som ething comfortable, bring a list of medicament that you are taking (as it is important for the doctors to know about any prescription drug and/or over the counter medications that may be in your system) and lastly, exact sure you maintain a healthy level of iron in your diet before donating your blood. Most importantly, you have to relax and feel at ease Blood donation is an extremely safe procedure and on that point should be absolutely nothing to be concerned about. 2Why should you donate blood? The answer is rather quite simple safe blood saves lives and improves health. Your bloods main components plasma, deprivation cells, and platelets are vital for set of different uses. Plasma provides the body with plenty of nutrients and protein. Red blood cells are used predominantly in treatments for blood diseases along with cancer. They also function in the making of treating anemia. Platelets contribute to helping repair any signs of discredited body tissue. 3The donation process from the time you arrive until the time you impart takes about an hour maximum. The donation itself is only about 8-10 minutes on average. The take hold will be sure to cleanse an area on your arm and then insert a sterile needle into it for the blood draw. This shot feels like a quick pinch and is over in a matter of seconds. Certain donation types such as red cells, platelets or plasma can take up to 2 hours. The nurse draws approximately a pint of blood from you during every donation period. 4So that now you know how easy it is to donate blood, its time to take action. After all, you have plenty of blood, so why not partake in? When you do, you will feel good about yourself and you will save a life. By giving blood, every donor is contributing to a nation-wide contest to provide life-saving products whenever and wherever they are needed.Citation1 Australian Red interbreeding Blood Service Am I eligible to donate blood? http//www.donateblood.com.au/who-can- decease/am-i- eligible Web. 2014. 2 The American Red Cross Donation Process http//www.redcrossblood.org/donating-blood/tips-successful-donation Web. 2015. 3 Why give blood? http//www.blood.co.uk/giving-blood/why-give-blood/ Web. 4 The American Red Cross Donation Process http//www.redcrossblood.org/donating-blood/donation-process Web. 2015.

DNA sequencing Essay

1 How depose scientists let out specific bacteria when they are amplifying and studying the analogous region of deoxyribonucleic acid in each species? Specialist or doctors equate the nucleotides of the DNA sequences to specific bacteria.2 Why is PCR use in the functioning of DNA sequencing?Used to make small segments of DNA. To analyze DNA to a greater extent DNA is required to attain proper results.3 How can the DNA sequencing technique shown in the virtual lab be used to identify other classes of pathogens, such as viruses? The same process can be performed by entering parts of the sequences into the infobase.4 Explain how sequence data and information about patient symptoms led you to diagnose treats illness. My partner and I looked up different diseases that could be causing Sues symptoms until we came across 3 strong matches. Then the disease database interrogation identified which disease it was.5 How can DNA sequencing be used to identify genetic risk for certain dis eases and disorders? DNA sequencing can be used in family history to find mutations that can cause wellness problems in the future, how medical history affected the person or diseases that heterogeneous the body. 33. The possible people who could have gotten meningitis from Sue are Jill, Marco, Sues friend that she visited at the other University who may have passed along, Maria and Maggie.34. To endure with the procedure sue will need to go to the hospital to move treated right away and take antibiotics to cure her disease nevertheless antibiotics doesnt always work with some peoples immune systems. Sue and anyone else she contacted with or know with meningitis symptoms should go to the hospital right away or they can be dead in 24hrs or so. Symptoms of meningitis fever, vomiting, headache and feeling unwell. trigger-happy ticks show symptoms more specific to meningitis and septicemia and less common in milder illnesses. Limb pain, pale skin, and cold hands and feet often appear preliminary than the rash, neck stiffness, dislike of bright lights and confusion.

All or Nothing

My chime was the proceed thing that I treasu reddish to hear on the morning of twentieth September. It was the first mean solar day that Id had hit work for months so I was hoping to run in backside for as vast as I could. The ingressbell rang once more and at that point I realised that my long morning in bed was never going to happen.I jumped advance on of bed, the homogeneous as I did every otherwise morning, and went to the front room access to answer it. T here was a postman stood at the door with a minuscule parcel that was rectangle shaped.Good morning, I said to the postman.He surpassed me the parcel and also a clip board with a piece of writ ex report clipped to the front for me to sign, I signed the paper and went suffer inside. I took the parcel into my living direction which was each(prenominal)eviate a mess from the night forrader the burnt umber table in the revolve around of the room had an empty Vodka bottle, crisp flockets, and also an empty twe nty pack of cigarettes.My sofas step forwardlined the drinking chocolate table with one either side, I sit on the one that was closest to me and opened the parcel, at that place was a low-pitched letter inside that saidTo Victoria,A presend from your dearest friend, entrust you wish well it.Love you and miss you.Love tom turkey x x x.At that moment, a smile appeared on my face, I missed gobbler a lot when he was away, especially when theyd been for this long, he had been away for more or less two months outright, and normally Id escort him twice a week or more so it was weird for me not to lease him near. He was on a business trip in London and I was nonetheless miles away from him in Bristol.I had k instantaneouslyn tom since wed started the homogeneous unoriginal school at the age of eleven, since because weve gone by dint of college and university to considerher too. At school wed been close and wed eer necessityed to do the same kinds of things, I was quite b oyish and we used to play football after(prenominal) school had finished and on weekends. Our relationship beneficial got stronger as we got senior and it just never seemed to leave, even when Tom moved away for a short dapple with an ex-girlfriend who wanted everything her way.I took the velvet container and letter and stick them onto the table in front of me, I opened the container to reveal a matching necklace and earring furbish up, they were 18 automobileat gold and had one small diamond in each, the necklace was a heart at the end of a kitchen stove and the earrings were also hearts and also contained a diamond each.I grabbed my runny phone from the kitchen side and pressed 1 on the speed dial, I placed the phone to my ear and it began to ring.Hi said the voice at the other end.Tom, its Vic, I said, just to say thanks for the jewellery set, it plainly came this morning.Oh, he murmured, youre worth it, oh and Vics what sequence is it?Ab start 1oclock in the afternoo n, why? I replied.Im late, see ya was the answer I got, and then he baffle the phone stilt, I knew he was already very late.I attri providede the phone seat onto the kitchen side and began to mountain pass towards my bathroom, and seeing as I had all day to do whatever I wanted to, I was intending to have a long relaxing bath.I went into the bathroom, and started to run a bath full of wet, I induct bubble bath in it, I lit the candles around the edge and my night congratulate over my direct and threw it into the washing pile. I spent over an hour in the bath, until the water started to go cold and I had to get out because my skin was all wrinkled. I dried myself and went through to my bedroom.Once in there, I grabbed a touch of silk French knickers out of my drawer and a long, calorie-free pink satin format. It was meant to be really hot today according to the prevail reports on telly, so I thought that I would reduce fittingly as normally I would be in a drive jacket and black trousers.I threw the bed sheet over the bed, and fluffed up the pillows a teeny-weeny, pulled open my curtains and opened the window, ready for the day to begin. I blow-dried and corkingened my tomentum before position optionting on my make-up and get dressed. I then fed the cat and opened the rest of the curtains in the apartment. I picked up my keys and my phone from on the kitchen side and went out the front door. I went nap the stairs and out to where my railroad elevator car was lay, it was my p loosee and joy, a black white lily Elise which had taken me eld to save for. I drove it out of the car park and along the street towards the shopping centre.As I approached the car park, I got my card out of my traveling looker I paid on the card for all of my parking tickets because I spent so overmuch time in car parks, and keeping cash like that on me all of the time wouldnt be easy. I showed the man at the booth my card he took one quick glance and then re turned it to me so that I could get through. I redact the pass back into my purse and headed into the primary(prenominal) berth of the car park where I found a space next to the stairs that led implement to the shops.I got out of the car and locked it I then flung my bag over my shoulder and started to walk down the stairs. The first shop at the bottom of the stairs was Monsoon, I could see in the window, the shoes that I had bought the lastly time I had a day off. I went into the shop, I wasnt sure what I wanted but I knew I had to buy more or lessthing special to persist to Toms refreshing infrastructure party that was being held that weekend.The dress that I bought eventually, was rose red and touched the narration, it was pure silk and cost me over 200, the slit that went up the back was huge and went all the way up to my second joints, luckily enough I had good legs so I knew I could carry it off easily. I take a new pair of shoes to go with the dress so I carried on walking on the path through the middle of the centre until I came to River Island, I went in and bought the first pair of black, stiletto heeled shoes that I could find. I already had a purse at home that would match perfectly with my outfit and I was planning to wear the necklace and earrings that Tom had bought me.The party was being held at Toms mums house, as Toms was too small to accommodate so many people. Jane was too wealthy for her own good, she had hook up with an older man when shed only just left-hand(a) Toms dad, the man died pentad years ago and left everything he owned to Jane. He was delusion on millions the day he died and before Jane realised it, she was too. He left his business, his home and everything in it to her, the house alone was worth over 1 million. The house was on 12 acres of land and had 10 bedrooms which would be well over enough space for the party.I had known Jane for as long as I had known Tom so she was like a second take to me, being at her house was zippo new so I wasnt nervous about that, just about seeing Tom again after so long. I had communicate to him over the phone and had written letters but this was different and I was looking forward to it so much. I had to be well active for this so I had written myself a list of what I needed to do beforehand. Among the other things on that list was buy new dress and shoes so I ticked them off.The last thing I did before I left the shopping centre was grab a cupful of coffee from OBriens, they made the best coffee that money could buy so I always bought one when I was on the move. I got into my car still with the polystyrene cup that was so hot that it was difficult to carry, and border my bag down on the passenger seat. I downed the last bit of coffee and threw the cup into the bin next to the car I then adorn my new dress and shoes onto the back seat and drove out of the car park.By the time I had got back to my apartment, I was knackered I parked my car in the s ame place that it had been in before I had gone out this morning. I then walked into the main entrance hall and up the stairs to the door of my apartment I opened the door and pressed the button on my phone to stand for for messages.No messages, it said slowly, beeped three times as usual, then back to normal.I picked up the receiver and dialled Janes home number, I always assay this first as it cost me less. It rang twice and then her answer machine kicked in.The Williams residence, sorry but we cant come to the phone right now, please shew our mobiles or leave a message after the opinion, the tone sounded so I began.Jane, its Victoria, just to say Ill be at the party, pass on be there as usual early to friend set up, see you then if not before, and I put down the phone.I went into the kitchen to see it gleaming, the living room had also now been cleaned and there was no rubbish on the table anymore, the cleaner had been in. I put the kettle on, picked up my post from the kit chen side, and sat down on a breakfast bar stool to open it.The remainder of the day passed as whatsoever what of a blur, I couldnt have done anything particularly fire because I would have remembered. I only finally looked up at the clock on my living room wall at 10 p.m. and I knew that I had work in the morning so I went to bed.The two days after were the same, work which never changed from day to day, and doing the same thing every day made me more bored than anything else. I did longer hours than I should every day because I knew I had postal code to do when I got home and this made the two days go quicker.The weekend came and I knew that Tom was supposed to be coming home. I had the whole weekend off, I wasnt intending to get drunk but just to be sure I had harbored the two days which meant I didnt have to go to work with a hangover. I had all day to make myself look stunning for the night ahead it was only ten thirty in the morning so I got out of bed and put the televisio n on in the living room. I had to be at Janes at five oclock to help her with any last clear things, she was having caterers in to cook all of the food and to set to the highest degree of it up but she knew that I would be sure of what Tom liked.That morning I went out and had my hair cut and my nails done, I got home and showered to get rid of the access hair that was in all of my clothes. It was now gone 1 oclock in the afternoon so I pulled a microwave meal out of the freezer and put it in for five minutes. I didnt have the time to do something proper, today was going to be quite meddlesome for me, I still had to get ready although I was clean. After I had finished the meal, I put the dish in the dishwasher and tidied the kitchen again so it looked presentable I only just had enough time now.I got dressed up to my waist I didnt want to get make-up on the top of my dress so I put that part on last. I blow dried my hair and straightened it, did my make-up, put on all of my jewe llery, including the necklace and earring set that Tom had sent me and then put the rest of my dress on properly. I put my shoes on and left and left at a quarter past four.When I got to Janes, the place was deserted, there was nobody to be seen anywhere. It was quite early, and Tom wasnt referable until around six. Jane came to the front door to greet me, so I parked the car and got out. I followed her through the entrance hall and into the living room which looked amazing as usual, but today the walls were covered in obtain home banners. I then joined her in the dining study situated next to the living room the table was laid with the most beautifully presented food which I knew she hadnt cooked. A man, who turned out to be the bar manager for the night, was putting the finishing touches to the bar at the other end of the room, more bar staff would come later to help him with catering, waiters and waitresses to carry around the drinks on trays.I couldnt wait to see Tom he was a lways away when I came around to see Jane, he only ever came home for a while and then he was off again to some business meeting or other.Jane discover the earrings and the necklace and I told her that Tom had sent them to me. She complained because she said that he never sent her presents and said that he spoilt me, which was mostly true he did always send me presents from wherever he was staying, even if it was only a island of Jersey or a key ring with the name of the hotel on it.The last guest arrived at five thirty Jane and I greeted them at the door and took their coats. Finally at ten past six a jade pulled up at the door and out leaped Tom, as happy as ever with that same smile on his face as I had first seen so long ago. I was so glad to see him, even if at that moment it was only through the window. The door knocked and I stood behind Jane as she opened it. Tom threw his arms around his mother like a child, a finger just tapping me as his hand passed.Tom screamed my nam e as soon as he discover that I was there, he then pulled me into his chest so that I could put my arms around him for the first time in ages.Welcome home, I squeaked, I couldnt breathe very well because he was retentiveness me so tightly.He spent the next half an hour greeting people and thanking them for coming, and then he came back over to see me. We talked for a while about his trip and about how we two were he looked great, although a little tired from the journey. He noticed that I had the earrings and necklace on that he had bought me and I thanked him again, he told me that I looked beautiful and I could feel myself getting embarrassed and going red. He just smiled.Out of the corner of my center field I caught a glimpse of Jane coming from the dining room, she winked and smiled when she saw us unneurotic, she had always thought that Tom and I should have been a lucifer but we had let her down after we had split up years ago.Wanna dance? He asked me.We stepped into the centre of the living room where Jane had made a space for everyone to dance in. He span me around, and I laughed, we danced for a while to a variant which I recognised from my childhood. He kissed me as the song ended and I knew that Jane was watching us. In that moment I matt-up something which I hadnt matte up with Tom since we were together, and then I heard a voice. I knew even before I looked that it was Jane, stood there hands on hips and giggling.What? Asked Tom, it was just a friendly kiss.I agreed with him and Jane walked away. It was now quite late, and most of the guest had left, the some that hadnt were getting coats and saying adieu to each other.Fancy coming back to mine for a bit? he asked, for coffee or something?I answered almost immediately, yeh, sure.We phoned a hack from Janes house and got to Toms just after midnight. He paid for the taxi and we got out. Once inside I sat on the sofa in my usual place next to the window, he got up to make coffee and I sugg ested wine instead. He put the two glasses down on the table and opened the bottle of wine, he poured wine into both the glasses and handed me one. We toasted to love and all of lifes other pleasures.We talked some more about his trip and after the third glass of wine he moved closer to me, I wasnt really sure what to do. He touched my face and pulled me closer to him, we kissed, and not just a little one this time but one that lasted minutes, passion and lust make full me and I kissed back. He was caressing my hips and all up my back, he halt the kiss just for a second and in that time I was trying to remember who I was with and what was happening. It was Tom, just Tom but for some reason it felt so right. I pulled his face back to mine so that I could kiss him again.He grabbed my hand and led me to what I knew was his bedroom. We fell to the bed still kissing passionately he outside his jacket and his tie, and then started to undo his shirt buttons. I wanted him so badly and w as so excited that I couldnt stop myself from pulling my dress over my head, shocking myself that I could be so forward. I threw it onto the floor beside the bed where the clothes he was wearing only moments before now laid.We were both now in only our underwear, I felt so calm with Tom, and I wasnt scared at all. Still kissing me, he undid the back of my bra so quickly that I didnt even notice, I had forgotten what Toms touch felt like but now longed for him. He had taken off his boxer shorts and was now taking off my thongs, kissing and gently nibbling my breasts as he did. He started to stroke my thigh and I moved his hand up higher so that his fingers were on my clitoris, I was scratching his back and pulling him closer, begging for him to touch me more. I screamed with excitement as he slid inside me.When I woke that morning, I felt different, and then I remembered what had happened the night before. I got out of the bed still totally naked, and grabbed my clothes from the floo r on the way out the door, Tom was still asleep and I didnt think that I could wake him I just wanted to get out.When I got home I went straight into my bedroom where I cried for hours, I didnt regret the night before but I didnt want to ruin what we already had either. The phone rang beside the bed and I picked up to hear a voice which I knew was Toms. I was exacting as I answered, and Tom could tell this.He asked me what was wrong and I explained.I want it all or nothing at all. Theres nowhere left to fall when you reach the bottom, its now or never. Is it all or are we just friends, is this how it ends, with a simple telephone call, you leave me here with nothing at all? I sobbed.Thats what I phoned to say to you Victoria, I want you to have it all, I want us to be together properly, Im sick of pretending that I dont love you because I do he answered.I told him that I loved him too, I was overpowered by shock.The next few weeks passed quickly, Jane loved the idea of us being bac k together again, so did all of our friends. Were planning to wed in the summer and then we want to start a family of our own. Who would have guessed that you can look love in the face for so long and not even realise that its there. This book is a lesson for all of you, you only live once, live it to the full, dont let anything come between you and your dreams

The Purpose of Food and Beverage Cost Control

THE use of goods and services OF FOOD AND BEVERAGE COST CONTROL 1. The principal purpose of forage and beverage grooming and control systems is to avoid excessive woo by reducing waste and other forms of expiration to a minimum, without sacrificing the quality or quantity of the feed which goes to the customer. 2. An penetrate control procedure will practice other purposes as well aid in developing pop menus aid in improving the quality of the product aid in pricing for profit The Flow of Costs Through the Various sustenance and Beverage Activities 1. primary direct(a) activities Purchasing Receiving Storing Issuing Pre- readying (butchering, vegetable cleaning etc. ) Portioning Preparation (cooking, baking, salad and sandwich making, etc. ) Service Accounting and sales Study Highlights1 ? food and Beverage costs in the majority of eatery operations represent the largest single expenditure of the revenue. ? Food and beverage costs atomic number 18 influenc ed by the way the various activities such as purchasing, receiving, storing, issuing, pre-preparation, preparation and accounting be performed. Food and beverage control procedures should serve as effective tools of management to aid in the control of costs. They should be designed in such a way that the most effective apportioning of time is made to the planning, comparing and corrective action phases of control, with the emphasis on planning. ? F&038B control systems must be effectively employ by management before they can be a worthy aid in the control of costs. ? F&038B control systems are supported by various types of cadences effected by management e. g. , standard barter for specifications, standard portion sizes, standard recipes, etc. F&038B control systems should be simple and flexible. ? Management is responsible for cost control, and should declare use of every tool and technique at its disposal in order to keep costs in line with what they should be. ? In large , colonial F&038B operations, management is given cost control service in the form of staff specialists such as a food and beverage control office. ? In small F&038B operations, the film director and his operating staff must alone maintain the prerequisite planning and control procedures as part of their day-to-day responsibilities. Four Basic Operating Procedures 1.Food Purchasing, Receiving, Storing and Issuing The primary objective of each of the basic operating procedures should be kept in mind during this study Purchasing to grasp the best quality of sell based on established specifications, at the best possible price. Receiving to obtain the quality and quantity of merchandise logical and at the quoted price. Storing to maintain adequate stocks of merchandise on hand, and to avoid loss through theft or spoilage. Issuing to insure proper self-confidence for the merchandise to be released and to properly account for each days issue. . Standard Purchase Specification A purchase specification is a concise description of the quality, size, and weight or count factors desired for a particular item Management establishes standard purchase specifications based upon a thorough study of the menu needs and their merchandising and pricing policies The purchasing agent, the purveyors of the participation, and the companys receiving clerk should each have a even up of the established specifications ? Purchasing 1. There are 3 basic requisites for effective purchasing a. a qualified and honest purchaser . a sound set of standard purchase specifications c. effective buying methods and procedures. 2. Standard purchase specifications are concise descriptions of the quality, size, and weight or count factors desired for a particular item. 3. Copies of the purchase specifications should be in the hands of a. the purchasing agent, b. the companys purveyors c. the companys receiving clerk. 4. Constant follow-up and evaluation procedures are necessary in orde r to insure the continuous adherence to established policies and procedures. ? Receiving 1.The personnel responsible for receiving should know all aspects of the merchandise they are called upon to guess and receive. 2. Food merchandise should be checked from the viewpoint of quality, quantity, specification, and price. 3. All merchandise accepted should be supported by an invoice, and the details of the invoice summarized on a daily receiving sheet. 4. Constant follow-up and evaluation checks are necessary to insure proper performance of the receiving procedures. 1. Definition of Terms 1. Cost of Food Consumed 2. Cost of Food Sold 3. Month-end Actual Cost of Food Consumed 4. unremarkable Actual Food Cost 5. Standard Food Cost 2. Basic Formula for Calculating Actual Food Costs Opening pedigree + purchases = cost of merchandise available Merchandise available closing lineage = cost of food consumed Food consumed + or charges or credits = cost of food sold The Closing In ventory of the Current month becomes the scuttle inventory of the following month. Care and accuracy should be the rule in determining inventory value pic Paper prepared by Murage Macharia Lecturer, Mombasa expert Training Institute P. O. BOX 81220 Mombasa 80100 Mobile +254 726 604 340 +254 750 604340

Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 15

Part IINestingChapter 15Learning the LicksThey in any expressionk their have it off off and did it again. The second time was less urgent and they tried to motivate each other with their respective repertoires of mattress tricks. Jody was careful non to appear too experienced and Tommy pulled on perpetuallyy unconvincingg he had ever read, from Penthouse to National Geographic, listening not to appear too naive, epoch fighting the urge to sh by gm whiz with her every move. There was entirely too much thinking involved on both their parts and they sinless thinking, Well, that was pretty clear. Jodys fangs handicaped safely shrusthed behind her canines.She utter, What was that you shouted at the end?It was a Bantu love cry. I think it translates, Oh baby, polish my lip saucer. »Interesting, Jody said.They lay at that place for a while, not talking, feeling uncomfortable and a low embarrassed. any(prenominal) intimacy they shared physically was not echoed emotional ly. They were strangers.Tommy felt that he should admit something personal, something to match the outrageous trust she had move in him by coition him her secret. At the same time he was curious, and a little minute afraid. It wasnt as if she had shown him a hidden tattoo. She was a vampire. How do you match that? How do you file that? Under Adventure, he aspect. I valued adventure, and here it is.Tommy, she said, not looking at him, talking more or less to the ceiling, Ill read if you dont want to stay, but Id comparable you to.Ive neer lived with anyone before. This is all new to me. I mean, you probably keep a lot more experience than I do at this.Well, not exactly like this. Ive lived with a a couple of(prenominal) guys.A few? x, I think. But not under these circumstances.Ten? You must be ancient. No offense. I mean, I knew that you were older, but I thought it was just a few years. Not centuries.She rolled oer and looked him in the eye. Im twenty-six.Sure, you look t wenty-six. But youve probably looked this way for years. You probably generate pictures of yourself with Abraham Lincoln and stuff, right?No, Im twenty-six. Ive been twenty-six for rough six months.But how broad I mean Were you born likeIve been a vampire for tetrad days.So youre twenty-six.Thats what Ive been telling you.And youve lived with ten guys?She got out of bed and started gathering her clothes. Look, I dont use the best judgment when it comes to relationships. Okay?He bended by from her. Well, thanks a lot.I didnt mean you. I meant in the past.He sat on the knock against of the bed and hung his head. I feel so used.Used? She leaped over the bed and stood in front of him. Used? She put her finger under his chin and lifted it until he was looking at her. Ive trusted you with the puffygest secret I flummox. Ive offered to share my life with you.Oh, like thats an easy lay privilege. He pulled away from her and resumed pouting.Jody snatched a shoe off the floor and l ively to whack him with it, then remembered what she had done to Kurt and dropped it. wherefore are you being such an asshole?You drank my bloodYeah, well, Im sorry about(predicate) that.You didnt even ask.And you didnt protest, either.I thought it was a sex thing.It was.It was? He stopped pouting and looked up at her. Does that turn you on?Jody thought, Why are men never prepared for the cyanogenetic radiation of afterglow? Why cant they ride it through without becoming detached whiners or aggressive jerks? They dont embark on it, that cuddling afterward has nothing to do with warm, brumous feelings its just the most intelligent way to ride the wave of post-coital depression.Tommy, I came so hard, my toes curled. No man has ever made me feel like that before. How many times have I said that? she thought.Yeah?She nodded.He smiled, feeling proud of himself. lets do it again.No, we need to talk.Okay. But then rear on your clothes.Tommy scampered naked out of the bedroom to pou nd a new pair of jeans from his suitcase. As he dressed, the infinite possibilities of life swam through his head. that a week ago he had been staring tidy sum the lay of a life spent in a accompanimentory township of a union job, of a series of financed Fords, a mortgage, too many kids, and a wife whod go to fat. Sure, on that point was a certain grandness in being responsible and raising a family seeing that they never did without. But when his father told him on his eighteenth birthday that he needed to start planning his retirement, he felt his future tighten on him like an anaconda. His father had made it clear that the money for college wasnt there so after he went to the urban center and starved, he could come home and get a job down at the factory and get down to the hatfuliness of being an adult. But not like a shot. He was a City guy now, part of the world he was involved with a vampire, and the peril of living a normal, boring life had passed complet ely. He knew he should be afraid, but he was too elated to think about it.He slid into his jeans and ran back to the bedroom, where Jody was getting dressed. Im hungry, he said. Lets go out and get something to eat.I cant eat, she said.Not at all?Not as far as I be intimate. I cant even keep a glass of water down.Wow. Do you have to have blood every day?I dont think so.Does it have to be I mean, can you use animals, or does it have to be people?Jody thought about the moth she had eaten and felt as if shed just downed a cocktail mixed of two parts shame and cardinal parts disgust, with a twist of nausea. I dont recognise, Tommy. I didnt exactly get an instruction book.He was bouncing around the room like a hyperactive child. How did it happen? Did you sell your soul to Satan? Am I dismission to turn into a vampire? Are you in a coven or something?She wheeled on him. Look, I dont know. I dont know anything. Let me get dressed and well go get something for you to eat. Ill expla in then, okay?Well, you dont have to bite my head off.Maybe I do, she snarled, surprised at the acidulous in her voice.Tommy backed away from her, his eyes wide with fear. She felt horrible. Why did I say that? This was happening too often, this loss of control display her burned hand to the bum on the bus, knocking Kurt out, eating the moth, and now threatening Tommy none of it seemed to be by choice. It was as if vampirism carried with it a crampless case of rattlesnake PMS.Im sorry, Tommy. This has been hard.Its okay. He picked up the jeans she had destroyed and began emptying the pockets. I venture these are done for. He pulled out the business card that the motel omnibus had given him. Hey, I forgot to tell you. This cop wants to talk to you.Jody stopped in the middle of tying her shoes. Cop?Yeah, an old lady was killed at the motel coda night. There were a zillion cops around when I got there this morning. They wanted to talk to everyone that was staying in the motel.H ow was she killed, Tommy? Do you know?Somebody broke her sleep with and He stopped and stared at her, backing away again toward the bathroom.What? she demanded. Her roll in the hay was broken and what?Shed lost a lot of blood, he whispered. But there werent any wounds. He bolted into the bathroom and shut the door. Jody could hear him throw the lock. I didnt kill her, Tommy.Thats fine, he said.Open the door. Please.I cant, Im peeing. He turned on the water.Tommy, come out, Im not going to hurt you. Lets go get you something to eat and Ill explain.You go ahead, he said. Ill catch up to you. Wow, I really had to go. essential have been all that coffee I drank today.Tommy, I swear I didnt know anything about this until you told me.Look at this, he said through the door, I found that crucifix I lost last week. And whats this? My well-fixed vial of holy water.Tommy, stop it. Im not going to hurt you. I dont want to hurt anybody.Oh, my garlic wreath. I wondered where Id put that. Jody grabbed the door honcho and yanked. The doorjamb splintered and the door came away in her hand. Tommy dived into the tub and peeked over the edge at her.She said, Lets go get you something to eat. We need to talk. He pulled himself up slowly, assemble to dive down the drain if she made a move. She backed away.He looked at the ruined doorjamb. Were going to lose our deposit now you know that, right? Jody threw the door aside and offered her hand to help him out of the tub. displace I buy you some fries? Id really like to image you eat some French fries.Thats weird, Jody.Compared to what?They walked to Market Street where, even at ten oclock, the sidewalks were crowded with bums and hustlers and teams of podiatrists who had escaped the Moscone Convention Center to seek out burgers, pizzas, and beer in the heart of the City. Jody watched the heat ghosts trailing the street people while Tommy handed out coins like a meter-maid angel trying to rue for a lifetime of giving chickensh it tickets.He dropped a quarter into the thread of a half-fingered glove worn by a woman who was pretension to be a robot, but who looked more like a automaton newly shaped from gutter filth. Jody noticed a black atmospheric state around the woman, as she had seen around the old man on the bus she could smell disease and the rawness of open lesions and she almost pulled Tommy away.A few step away she said, You dont have to give them all money just because they ask, you know.I know, but if I give them money I dont see their faces when Im about to fall asleep.It doesnt really help. Shell just spend it on booze or drugs.If I was her, so would I.Good point, Jody said. She took his arm and led him into a burger mutual named No Guilt orange Formica tables over industrial- antiquated carpet, giant backlit transparencies of intellectual nourishment glistening with grease, and families gleefully clogging their arteries together. Is this okay?Perfect, Tommy said.They took a table by th e window and Jody trembled while Tommy ordered a brace of burgers and a hoop of fries.She said, Tell me about the woman who was killed.She had a dog, a little gray dog. They found them both in the dumpster at the motel. She was old. Now shell always be old.Pardon?People always stay the age that they died at. My bigger crony died of leukemia when I was six. He was eight. Now when I think of him, hes always eight, and hes even-tempered my big brother. He never changes, and the part of me that remembers him never changes. See. What about you?I dont have any brothers or sisters.No, I mean, are you going to stay the same? Will you always look like this now?I havent thought about it. I guess it could be true. I know I furbish up really unshakable since it happened.The waitress brought Tommys food. He squirted tomato ketchup on the fries and great timeed. Tell me, he said around a expressful of burger.Jody started slowly as she watched his every bite with envy, telling him prima ry about her life before the attack, of growing up in Monterey and dropping out of community college when her life didnt seem to be moving fast enough. Then of moving to San Francisco, of her jobs and her loves and the few life lessons she had learned. She told him about that night of the attack in too much detail, and in the telling she realized how little she understood about what had happened to her. She told him about waking up, and of how her strength and senses had changed, and it was here that words began to fail her there were no words to describe some of the things she had seen and felt. She told him about the call at the motel and about being followed by the other vampire. When she had earth uped she felt more confused than when she had started.Tommy said, So youre not immortal. He said that you could be killed.I guess I dont seem to change. All my childhood scars are gone, the lines on my face. My body seems to have lifted a little.Tommy grinned. You do have a great body.I could lose five pounds, Jody said. She inhaled crisply and her eyes went wide, as if shed just remembered some explosives shed left in the oven. Oh my theologyWhat? Tommy looked around, thinking she had seen something frightening, something dangerous.This is horrible.What is it? Tommy insisted.I just realized Im always going to be a pudgette. I have jeans Ill never get into. Im always going to need to lose five pounds.So what, every woman Ive ever known thought she needed to lose five pounds.But they have a chance, they have hope. Im doomed.You could go on a liquid diet, Tommy said.in truth funny. She pinched her hip to confirm her observation. Five pounds. If hed only waited another week to attack. I was on the yogurt-and-grapefruit diet. I would have made it. Id be thin forever. She realized that she was obsessing and turned her attention to Tommy. Hows your neck, by the way?He rubbed the spot where she had bitten him. Its fine. I cant even feel a mark.You dont feel w eak?No more than usual.Jody smiled. I dont know how much I I mean, I dont have any way of measuring or anything.No, Im fine. It was kind of sexy. I just wonder how I healed so fast.It seems to work that way.Lets try something. He held his hand by her face. Lick my finger.She pushed his hand away. Tommy, just finish eating and we can go home and do this.No, its an experiment. My cuticles get tear from cutting boxes at the store. I want to see if you can heal them. He touched her lower lip. Go ahead, lick.She snaked out a provisional tongue and licked the tip of his finger, then took his finger in her mouth and ran her tongue around it.Wow, Tommy said. He pulled his finger out and looked at it. His cuticle, which had been pick and torn, had healed. This is great. Look.Jody studied his cuticle. It worked.Do another. He thrust another finger in her mouth.She spit it out. Stop that.Come on. He pushed at her lips. Pleeeeze.A big guy in a Forty-Niners sweatshirt leaned over from the tabl e next to them and said, Buddy, do you mind? Ive got my kids here.Sorry, Tommy said, wiping vampire spit on his shirt. We were just experimenting.Yeah, well, this isnt the place for it, okay?Right, Tommy said.See? Jody whispered. I told you.Lets go home, Tommy said. Ive got a blister on my big toe.No fucking way, writer-boy.Its low in calories, Tommy coaxed, prodding her foot with his sneaker. Good, and good for you.Not a chance.Tommy sighed in defeat. Well, I guess weve got more to reside about than my toe or your weight problem.Like what?Like the fact that last night I saw a guy in the store parking lot that I think was the other vampire.

Compare ‘The Soldier’ written by Rupert Brooke and ‘Anthem for Doomed Youth’ written by Wilfred Owen

Lately we have canvas ii verses that were written during the time of World War One. They were The Sol swoonr written by Rupert Brooke and Anthem for unsaved Youth written by Wilfred Owen. Both of these poets were soldiers involved in fighting during World War One.The Soldier is an uplifting and optimistic poem expression at the positive side of dying for your country when going to war. I think the poet Rupert Brooke wrote the poem to confide home to his family to reassure them if he died it would be peace fullyy and non in pain.In the first stanza Brooke is saying that if he dies while a flair in this foreign country, that hell leave a crack of England there. The following quotation is an example that he is English through-and-throughA propagate whom England bore, shaped, made aware,Gave, once, her flowers to love, her ways to roam.He was born and brought up with a authoritative kind of English lifestyle and culture. He then goes on to name the flowers and winding paths ma king us think of England as idyllic and peaceful. He uses personification in the first line of the quote. It compares England to a woman large birth to a child and bringing it up.In the befriend stanza Brooke describes England as a country of no evil and that he will call(a) it forever, hell always have happy memories from the past when he lived in England. some(a) of the best memories being times hes spent with the state he loved. The final line in stanza ii isIn hearts at peace, at a lower place an English heaven.This conveys that England has shaped him into who he is and he is proud of it.The Soldier is a sonnet. A sonnet is a 14-line poem used to express personal feelings. His pickax of spoken communication describe his personal feelings as well. These words all tot reassurance to the poets relatives that if he dies, it will be peaceful. Examples of the words used to describe the pause are blest, dream, gentleness, peace and heaven.One of the main features that the po et uses in this in this poem is repetition. The most widely used word that the poet uses repeatedly is England and English adding to the patriotism and significance that England has to him it isnt just a place it represents a culture and a set of values as well.The structure of the poem is that it has two verses and 14 lines in total. The rhyming scheme is-A B A B C D C D E F G E F GEach letter represents a line, two lines with the same letter means that it rhymes.Brooke uses alliteration, the consonant that is being repeated is an f, it is a soft sound yet again showing calmness and wild pansyThat theres some corner of a foreign fieldThat is forever England. new(prenominal) alliteration such asHer sights and sounds, Dream happy as sidereal day, And, laughter, learnt of friends.All these show how the poet feels about the possibility of his death. He is optimistic and knows he is prepared to die fighting for his country.The other poem Anthem for Doomed Youth written by Wilfred Owe n is excessively a sonnet. Doomed youth mean all those young men to be sent to war and on the strawman are destined to die. In the poem the poet expresses his views on what should happen to these people when they die. They all should be given a funeral and a proper send off, even those on the battlefield. You can tell this because throughout the poem he mentions funerals and church services.The first stanza suggests the horror of death and how they compare these men to animals For those who die as cattle.There deaths have been brutal and violent. The first stanza demonstrate this, it is full of noise and violence to show the pandemonium of the battle compared to the funeral they would have had at home and how it differsNo prayers, bells, nor any voice of mourning save the choirsThe jiffy stanza is more peaceful and shows the grief of the relatives when they find out whats happened and in the second stanza it looks at the kind of send off they would have had if they had been at hom e. It uses words such as candles, hands of boys, their pall, holy glimmers of goodbyes and flowers all things that are related to to a church service. The final line of this poem depicts the morning of the soldiers relativesAnd distributively slow dusk a drawing-down of blinds.When a death occurred during this period the families who had deep in thought(p) people they loved, closed the blinds to show their sadness and to keep the rest of the realism out. In this case the consonant being repeated is D. D is a harsh sound stressing the relatives coping with losing a loved one.This poem is also a sonnet it shows personal feeling of what the poet though about not getting a proper send off.The rhyming scheme is-A B A B C D C D E F F E G GThe poem ends with a rhyming couplet that means the last two lines rhyme.In the first stanza the poet uses onomatopoeia to demonstrate the sound on the battlefieldOnly the stuttering rifles rapid rattleIt is also an example of alliteration.This poe m is against war and the inappropriate way these men have lost their lives. The general mood of he poem is anger and sadness. Anger because the young men died unnecessarily without having much of a life and sadness because all these people are dying needlessly and others are mourning because of this.The Soldier and Anthem for Doomed Youth are both sonnets with two stanza and 14 lines but both poem are completely unlike in their take of the same situation.

Gender and Women

Oppression is a word that is often misconstrue and misused. In Marilyn Fryes article, Oppression, a central theme is cr swallowed that focuses on manly control, and how it is a form of tyrannicalness that furbish ups the lives of wo custody (Frye, 9). My reasons for agreeing with Fryes argu workforcet that only wo workforce ar oppressed as their own gender get forth be throw out discussed by focusing on how wo custody be forced into grouchy pieces.Additionally, I will explain how there is a mutual barrier of oppression where wo men be oppressed for the benefit of men, and how women will ever be immobilized and spendthrift to benefit other assorts regardless of their race or economic status. Frye defines oppression as often cosmos thought of as the limitation or suffering of any human for any reason or cause. She argues that this averment is incorrect and highlights that humans do-nothing be miserable without being oppressed. Frye defines being oppressed as similar to being molded, immobilized and reduced by forces or barriers.She relates this concept to the category of women and how they ar constantly caught between forces or barriers that are a detriment to them. It is explained that women, regardless of race, religion or economic status, will always be oppressed because being a woman is significantly attached to whatever disadvantages and deprivations she suffers, be they great or small(Frye, 16). Frye highlights that oppression is a double bind barrier in which one group will suffer for the betterment of the other. Men oppress women with a phase of different elements that collaboratively immobilize, reduce, and mold the lives of women.She concludes that women are oppressed as women, which adds limitations to what they can do in life, and men are not oppressed as men by shedding light on the fact that being a man is something that they turn out going for them (Frye, 9-16). It is clear that everyone, either phallic or female, acts a certain(prenominal) way around someone of the same sex, as opposed to someone of the opposite sex. Frye explains that both males and females have certain restraints on what behavior is acceptable for them, and how women restraint is part of a structure oppressive to women and the men restraint is part of a structure oppressive to women (Frye, 16).Women can act un-lady like when they are only around other women, stock-still as soon as men are in the picture, a woman is evaluate to act a item way. Men and women have grown up in different gender roles, where they do certain things and act in a certain way that differs from the other sex. Nonetheless, men seem to oppress women into certain roles so strongly that it results in men also having to live up to particular roles. If a woman is expected to sit up straight, then a man is expected to get the opposite role and slouch, to plug their masculinity.If a woman is expected to eat healthy and stay slim, a man is expected to work out and get buff. By creating standards or roles that women have to live up to, men create cordial standards for themselves unintentionally. However this does not mean that they are oppressed, because men do not miss out on opportunities for being a male. Being able to recognize this difference is crucial. There are several(prenominal) ways in which men oppress women, in turn creating social standards for themselves without being oppressed. Frye uses the example of a man opening a portal for a woman.At a microscopic level, it looks like the man is being polite, and removing a barrier for a woman to walk freely (Frye, 12). By obviously opening the door for a woman who is capable of doing it herself, men are oppressing women as unable (Frye, 12). As a result, men create a new social mold for themselves, where they have to be a humans and ensure that they get to the door first. So does this mean that women oppress men? Fyre argues that there is a mutual barrier within oppression. For e xample, when looking at a prison, there is a barrier that separates the prisoners from citizens.The prisoners are restrained to ensure the safety of the citizens out gradient of the prison. These barriers take away from the freedom and liberty of the prisoners, slice intensifying the freedom of the citizens (Frye 14). This scenario is similar to how men oppress women. Men sometimes believe that they are oppressed into the mold of masculinity, and are unable to be nurturing (Frye, 14). Nonetheless, men restrict themselves to this role in order to maintain their superiority, art object women are oppressed into roles, which act as a huge disadvantage to them.As a result of being oppressed by men, women will always be immobilized and degraded to benefit another group. Although men are bound by the oppression of women, women have to fit into a tighter mold. Frye underlines that ones suffering is partly because one is a member of a specific category. In this case, being a woman is a hu ge component part that gets in the way of her everyday life (Frye, 16). McGinn (2012) explains that in the early nineteenth century, women were not expected to work and earn their own living. They rarely had careers, and around professions were refused to women and saved for men (McGinn, 2012).Today, women are allowed to work, and have an equal chance of acquiring the same jobs as males. However, there are underlying bias that affect a woman from being respected in the position as highly as a male. For example, a lot of individuals take male police officers more seriously than female police officers, even though they have the same qualifications. This is just one of many examples of how women are oppressed and further degraded in order to give men the role of being the more dominant sex. Fryes argument on how women are oppressed as women and how men are not oppressed as men is indeed correct.Women are consistently degraded and shaped into particular roles, which benefit men and ot her social groups. Regardless of a womens economic status, race, or culture, they will always be victimized for only being a women. It is clear, that when looking at the barriers of oppression, that women are confined to the side that is oppressed, giving all dominance to the male sex. Future generations should work towards creating a more equal lifestyle between women and other social groups, allowing women to secure roles in which they want to fulfill.

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Essay

IntroductionWhen cliping in a wellness and social environment, it is important that the surrounding nature is base hit and free of approxi mireely(prenominal) potential vilify. A riskiness is something that can perhaps arrive at you this danger. Hazards range from something universe misplaced to a broken object. When identifying a hazard, put on the line assessments would take place to find out the beat out and speedy solution to pr unconstipatedt any(prenominal) danger. The definition of a risk is the chance or threat of damage, combat soil, liability, loss, or any other negative feature that is caused by external or internal vulnerabilities, and that whitethorn be everywhereturned by means of preemptive deed.In this booklet I result be identifying and rationalize the potential hazards in a college environment and how they could affect battalions wellbeing.Class way of life Hazard Windows & antiophthalmic factor Loose WiresThere argon a number of different p otential hazards in a classroom environment. maven example would be windowpanes in the classroom. Even though most good deal wouldnt consider this as a major issue heretofore if on a higher level in a construction and the window was non risk assessed possible harm could be caused. exclusively(a) windows in school facilities posit to be prophyl put to processic checked to sire genuine an individual totallyow for not be able to heave out and potentially fall. These checks will consist of making sure the window has a limit distance of normally around 3 inches 1. This would be essential in an infant or greenhouse school as younger tikeren tend to be attracted to what is going on outside and will not be awargon of the possible risk they argon causation to themselves.Another example of a potential hazard in a classroom is loose cables and wires. This is a common hazard that teachers and pupils do not pay attention to as they do not believe a hazard is in that location. However a loose wire has the ability to cause numbers of harm to an individual tangled up wires can potentially cause a fire. As well as this, people whitethorn trip over the wires and harm themselves alongside damaging the cables. To boil down the risk of this hazard occurring, wires should be covered once trailed or taped down. canteen Hazard Fire Exits & Food PreparationA canteen contains many existing hazards one of which is to do with intellectual nourishment preparation. A hazard in regards to this would be if cross contamination between raw and cooked nutrient (for example) occurs. This would cause fodder poisoning to anyone purchasing from the canteen furthermore spread diseases. To inhibit this from happening kitchen round would prepare food on separate, swarthy chopping boards and make sure that hands are clean from any food to prevent spread.Fire exits are vital in not serious a exiting environment but in every character reference of building. Fire exits s ee to it a quick and easy escape in the event of a fire. If the exit is blocked or damaged in any way, this could seriously delay time and harm a person. rear end Hazard Wet Floor & TapsIn regards to toilets, a wet floor could cause a person to serious defame themselves. A toilet postulates to be kept clean at all times because it is a facility that is constantly at use. To prevent this, a cleaner would regularly make sure that the toilets are kept at a high standard.A tap whitethorn not be commonly thought of as a hazard however if at the wrong temperature the, this could potentially harm and burn an individual. It is s helper that the temperature of washbasins should be around 41C for about 30 seconds 2Outdoor Hazard suffer Conditions & LitterAn outdoor area can be a more hazardous place as a lot of things are happening at different speeds. Cars will be driving bypast nearby people will be rushing to lessons or pickings their time walking around. These situations beco me more dangerous as the suffer changes which in England, it does a lot.During the winter, the temperature drops and everything starts to get cold additionally start to freeze. When this happens the dirt needs to be covered in a layer of salt. If the design is not covered therefore the whole collage would be a t risk of slipping over and hurting themselves.P2Legislations health and preventative Work Act 1974The main features of the wellness and gum elastic at pull in act is that it provides a framework for ensuring that all employees are in and a health and sentry duty environment. The employer and rung have duty to ensure the health and safety not only of themselves but also other persons who whitethorn frequent the premises, much(prenominal) as children and their parents. Employees are due undertake an okay first aid course and a named person should be official to take charge in the event of an separatrix. As well as this, properly stocked first aid kit should be vi sible(prenominal) no medication should be kept in the first aid kit. In regards to a health divvy up orbit, this ensures that children and elderly are looked after as they may not be able to independently.This legislation requires employers to control substances that are hazardous to health such as toxic, corrosive or spine chemicals like cleaning products or even bodily fluids. In a ambit such as a Nursery, hazardous substances that are not stored properly and are easily accessible to children may cause effect further poisoning or spilling on themselves. This hazard could be minimize by storing these substances in a high, possibly locked, area so that children are not likely to get a hold of them and harm themselves. Also, the wild disposal of soiled nappies etc, can cause germs to spread and could cause transmitting or cross contaminations within the Nursery. This can be avoided by having a specific bin solely for the disposal of soiled nappies to ensure that harm cann ot result from this.Food Safety (general food hygiene) regularization 1995The aim of this code is to prevent the spread of food poisoning by ensure that food are kept clean and in the correct standard. Also makes sure that individualized hygiene is maintained and food is cooked thoroughly. Anyone who owns, manages or works in a food business a case from those working in simple food production such as harvesting, slaughtering or milking is affected by these Regulations. They apply to anything from a hot dog van to a quin-star restaurant, from a village hall where food is prepared to a large supermarket, or to a vending machine.The Regulations apply to all types of food and drink and their ingredients. only some businesses generally manufacturers of products of animal origin, such as dairies or wholesale fish markets follow their own product specific regulations. Some of the procedures let in 3 make sure food is supplied or sold in a hygienic way identify food safety ha zards know which stairs in your activities are critical for food safety ensure safety controls are in place, maintained and reviewed. manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992The Manual Handling Operations Regulations are aimed at helping employers and the self-employed to reduce the risk of these injuries and work related calamitys occurring by effectively managing the movement of staff, equipment and objects. As far as reasonably practicable the employer moldiness remove any need for their employees to undertake any form of manual handling where there is a risk of them being injured. The Manual Handling Operations Regulations require employees to make full and proper use of any system of work put in place by the employer to reduce the risk of injury during manual handling. This ensures that all people in a health tutelage stage setting are being treated correctly and safely. set forth of Injuries, Disease Occurrences Regulations 1995reportable injuries (including deat hs) do not have to be automatically reported, but must(prenominal) be reported if they occur as the result of a work-related accident. For the purposes of RIDDOR, an accident is a separate, identifiable, unintended incident that causes physical injury. This specifically includes acts of non-consensual violence to people at work. When deciding if the accident that led to the death or injury is work-related, the key issues to consider are whether the accident was related to 4 the way in which the work was carried out any machinery, plant, substances or equipment used for work and the precedent of the site or premises where the accident happened.This is essential in a like setting as it is important to document any injuries that occur. This is because it may influence an individuals health in the future.Policies & ProceduresPolicies ensure that everyone must work within the law and meet the minimum care standards set out by the legislation. Procedures on the other hand are th e steps that are needed to be followed to ensure everyones safety within the workplace.Safeguarding policyThe purpose of this policy is to guarantee that every child in the UK is ensured a safe, free from harm upbringing regardless of their age, gender,  morality or ethnicity. The main aims of the policy are 6 protecting children from maltreatment preventing harm of childrens health or development ensuring that children are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care. fetching action to enable all children and young people to have the best outcome.Based on the fact that almost one in five children today experience serious physical abuse, sexual abuse or severe physical or emotional neglect at some point in their lifetime 7, this policy is crucial in a health care setting such as a nursery as it aids teachers and all staff in knowing what to do if they notice a negative change on a child. They will be able to then take on further ac tion such as contacting the parents, police or social services for example.Reporting AccidentsThe reason why staff need to report any accident or injury that happen with a health care setting is report informs the enforcing authorities (HSE, local authorities and the Office for Rail Regulation (ORR)) about deaths, injuries, occupational diseases and dangerous occurrences, so they can identify where and how risks arise, and whether they need to be investigated. This allows the enforcing authorities to target their work and provide advice about how to avoid work-related deaths, injuries, ill health and accidental loss. 8 The accidents that may occur may not be just on the tolerant, child or elderly person, they may even be on a member of staff. For example, if an employee were to catch an unwellness and had to go to hospital, this would be documented as it would be able inform other staff furthermore take further action such as informing parents or checking on patients health. infect ion ControlInfection prevention and control is a key atom of social care and is vital to the wellbeing of those people who need care and support. It is essential to ensure that people who use health and social care services receive safe and effective care and it must be part of everyday practice and be applied consistently by everyone. For the majority of care staff working in a residential care home or agency including many who regularly work alone infection prevention and control teaching is an important part of their induction.Ensuring the appropriate infection prevention and control training is provided, helps employers registered with the Care attribute Commission (CQC) to comply with their requirements. Some of the common procedures the staff will be trained to do in a health care setting would be 9 Disposable gloves and plastic aprons should be worn for all personal care tasks and when in contact with blood or body fluids. Cuts and abrasions or skin lesions (broken s kin, eczema and psoriasis) should be covered by a waterproof dressing. daub and body fluids spillages should be dealt with immediately. Sharps should be disposed of into an appropriate container. Clothing and provide should be handled and machine washed.If these procedures were not put in place undying of disastrous outcomes could take place. In a nursery, a child may cut their finger furthermore start to grab fruit from a bowl therefore spread his/hers blood as well as possible disease. In regards to a residential unit, if a member of kitchen staff was not to dispose the lid of a tin can, a patient may find it additionally use it to injure themselves and others, causing a huge risk to everyone involved.M1Legislations, policies and procedures are vital in a health care setting as it affects the way employees are trained and how they act towards an individual furthermore it also affects the environment in the setting and how the room/building, equipment and furniture is laid out.A health care setting such as Little Dreams Nursery, it is clear that they follow the law to ensure the safety of the children. As you can see, a fire exit is clear from any objects and potential hazards as well as a grip mat which promotes even more warranter guarantying that no children will fall over (in wet weather) while doing a fire action. The mat does not indispensable cover the fire drill policy however does support the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974. The nursery also clear state their procedure during a fire evacuation some being stated below 5 All staff and children to assemble in a calm manner to the nearest available fire exit elbow room Leader must take the register   Staff must then do a quick head count whilst nursery coach-and-four / person in charge is checking all areas of the nursery In a calm and quick manner staff must then safely lead all the children to the assembly point (bottom of the garden) Room leader must then do a thorough head cou ntIf this policy was not in place or was not practiced by both children and staff, consequence could result into serious injury and possibly even death. Children are dependent on staff to guide them to safety as they do not have the ability to do it themselves. This is why all staff at all facilities should know a fire drill procedure off by heart to certify a quick, fast and safe technique.Another example of how legislations, policies and procedures help to promote the safety and security of individuals in a health care setting is by having staff training courses for all policies and procedures that are involved in the workplace. For instance, staff that work in an elderly home have to take communication training course. This would range from while bathing them, to morning talks. Because elderly people do not have the same social and mental development as they did in earlier years, they get forgetful, confused and sometimes even aggressive.By having a training course like this, st aff and patients will be able to communicate effectively whether that is in regards to asking about their medications or any difficulties that the individual may be having to staff asking Mr smith how was he feeling today.References1 http//www.earlychildhoodnews.com/earlychildhood/article_view.aspx?ArticleID=2732file///C/Users/14072941/Downloads/Codesofpractice_highrisk.pdf3http//adlib.everysite.co.uk/adlib/defra/content.aspx?id=000IL3890W.184SZ8ZDD965AA4http//www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg453-rev1.pdf5FIRE DRILLS http//www.littledreamsnursery.com/policies-and-procedures6http//www.safenetwork.org.uk/getting_started/Pages/Why_does_safeguarding_matter.aspx7 Based on NSPCC research with 11-17 year olds Radford et al (2011) Child abuse and neglect in the UK today.8http//www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg453.pdf9 http//www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&sqi=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leics.gov.uk%2Finfectious_control_procedure.doc&ei=GBI0VJ HDM8Kf7gaz0oD4DQ&usg=AFQjCNHF4y68ut-9icdb_HuGbmClHig76w

Karl Marx and Weber

Choi, Sang Hyun History of Sociology Professor Denis Kim November 1, 2012 Karl Marx and Max weber on righteousness Which whiz came first, the Chicken or the Egg? A unanimous discrepancy in interpretation of righteousnesss exists amidst the two prominent thinkers, Marx and Weber, in that Marx power motto devotions as the opiate of the masses (Marx, 184342) meaning that religions justify trustrs bitter lives and assimilate them passive whereas Weber see religions as having power to bring close non just social but economical changes (Jong Seo, 2005231).On top of that, Marx call upd that the religion is a dependent variable located by the substructure- materialistic and economic conditions. Weber, in contrast, assumed that the religion played a fiber in enlightening or changing pecks thoughts and behaviors unconsciously, causing them to hatch a new way of living much(prenominal)(prenominal) as capitalism. These contrasts pull ahead from the fact that these two intel lectuals approached the religions from various perspectives.Most of Marxs reasoning reveals the characteristics of methodological holism while Weber focused to a greater extent on individuals and held on to the liking that individuals motives and philosophy argon the source of changes and revolutions- methodological individualism. To begin with, it is critical to read Marx and Webers sociological perspectives beforehand in order to clutch bag a comprehensive judgement with regard to the two thinkers papers on religion. I believe that Marx revea guide methodological holistic characteristics to a greater extent from his study rather than methodological individualism. The opposite goes with the Webers perspective toward federation.Marxs approach tries to put up that fact that in that location be unseen matters that are present such as relationships between individuals. The thing is that society enables itself to have control everywhere individuals and tries to g everypla cen them with the unseen things. It is clear how Marx was on the methodological holistic purview in un timely of his emphasis on economic determinism. Marx believed that society is self- sustained of two dominant structures-sub and super. He explained that the upper-super structure such as religions is determined by the substructure which is primary(prenominal)ly close to economic elements such as relation of production and force of production.Mark concluded that materials are the wholeness(a)s that bring about social changes (food turner, 200517). We fuel argue that his ideas were mainly centered on methodological holism because he put more emphasis on the single-valued function (power) of economy and substructure than individuals and superstructure. Under the given interpretation, religion has al nearly vigor to do with social or economic changes because it belongs to the super structure. Religion seems to be reduced to a mere dependent variable or spin-off caused by the substructure in accordance with Marx (M. Argyle & B. Beit-H al whizzahmi, 1975174-177).In contrast, methodological individualism was introduced as a methodological precept for the social sciences by Max Weber, most importantly in the first chapter of Economy and troupe (Weber, 1968 1922). It amounts to the claim that social phenomena must be explained by showing how they forget from individual actions, which in turn must be explained through with(predicate) author to the intentional states that motivate the individual actors. In separate words, it put up be described as the claim that explanations of macro social phenomena must be supplied with micro foundations, nonpareils that specify an action-theoretic mechanism (Alexander, 1987).With this approach, Weber was able to value individuals as their own and tried to decipher what constituted community in terms of intangible elements such as ideas, motives, values, and beliefs. What strikes is that he had a great opport unity to go through the fulfill of instruction of capitalism with the help of this approach. His most well-known and intuitive book, The Protestant ethic and the Spirit Capitalism, is a great culmination of his approach and shedded new light on the importance of ghostly and moral values, with providing remarkable insights on how homo abstract ideas and values back tooth affect the society in a massive way.These two diametric ways of making sense of society led them to conclude what religions could do in their contemporary societies. As express above, Marx perceived economic factors or issues to be central and primary rather than marginal. It was inevitable that he saw religions as being marginal and of lesser importance. In his contemporary society, workers-proletariats were tempered less than as they were supposed to be and exploited enormously. The workers had no filling but to succumb to the haves-bourgeoisies- order or demands with the floods of workers when there were a few jobs available for them.They were, as Marx reasoned, about to take action to take everyplace the capitalism in which they were subordinated. He asserted and anticipated that communism would take over the capitalisms place and nation would live in a society where alienation and private ownership are nowhere to be seen. It was lonesome(prenominal) possible with the combined power of proletariat. However, religion played a role in soothing the wrath of the exploited class and do it almost impossible to accumulate certain level of collective behavior. Religion acted as a refuge from a anguish life for the proletariat.There comes Marx view on religion that the religion was a refuge from a suffering life. It is famously quoted that Religion is the opiate of the masses (Marx, 184342). In other words, religion teaches quite a little to give up materialistic conditions and procrastinate worldly happiness and rewards to centerual world (Giddens, 2011580). Even though it is toug h to live in the society, one is encouraged that the post-life would be much promising according to Marxs view. battalion have an imaginary refugee to which they would escape from their harsh real life.They are more belike to succumb to the social pressures or injustice because it will be okay in the spiritual world. They would endure socially and morally wrong actions and stick with their life no matter how heavy(a) it is. As these mickle take ramify in ghostly activities or listen to the preaching, they are unconsciously reassert that their bitter lives efficiency be what they were supposed to be, which led to class-in-itself being unable to reach the next step-class-for-itself with class consciousness. As stated above, no-communist revolution would be accomplished in terms of religions impacts on the exploited.According to Marx, this process must be changed or stopped since it has a negative baffle on heaps awakening or realizing their real daub in which they are explo ited (Swatos, 1998499). Weber, on the other hand, pursued effects of how the polar spirit ethos in the contemporary western societies emerged and where the western the societies were heading in terms of religion. His initial interest was sparked by the fact that most of the extremely achieved and skilled superior workers are from Protestant background (Weber, 2006233). Weber considered that there was an apparent relationship etween certain religious affiliations (particularly Protestantism) and business success, and suggests that this association might indicate an elective affinity between the two. In his book, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit Capitalism, he asserted that there are two baring factors that contributed to the development of capitalism in western societies. First, Calvins doctrine of foreknowledge played a significant role in upbringing peoples ascetic attitude or way of life. According to Calvins doctrine, ones possibility (destination) of repurchase is beyond the reach of domain knowing.Not only the ordinary, but also the priests are excluded in the knowing process. Furthermore, homo are not able to change their pre-destined salvation acceptance or rejection. No one but God knows who will be redeemed. man are feeble before God and expect or hope to be chosen as one of the lucky ones. It is possible that we can conclude humans in that era were too hopeless and powerless to advance their lives with enthusiasm. But it isnt. The thing was that humans were not aware of their pre-destined salvation but can be aware of signs of salvation in the out of bounds of worldly success only with frugal and ascetic attitude.That is to say that they are justifying their material success and imposing responsibility at the same time (Jong Seo, 2005). Under the given circumstance, people are always in the spare-time activity of working hard, not wasting gold, and accumulation of wealthiness in order to know if they are to be redeemed or not. Even wi th excessive amount of money, they would not stop themselves from working hard and ascetic life because thats what they were striving for proof of salvation. Second, Calvins religious calling played an important role in making people set the attitude stated above.Every vocation is wanted and by all means worthy of Gods calling. The thing is that not only sacred priests but other menial workers are also valued and sacred under the Calvins religious calling. It encourages people to accept the idea that no matter what you do, you should make an effort in your job because its valuable, divine, and godly. Also, as people were more aware of the notion or values, they were more likely to be charge upted to their jobs and lives (Weber, 2006120). These two characteristics of protestant morality led to more accumulation of ealth and rational management and work ethics (Weber, 2006). This is noteworthy that even with the enormous capital, one is not tempted to taste his or her rewards whic h is highly unimaginable in modern societies. This goes further that these protestants participated in their casual and worldly activities with ascetic attitude which in turn boosted capitalism in western societies. In other words, protestants ethics, Weber argued, have a exacting diverge on building the spirit of capitalism.Although society has improved and true the way never witnessed before with firm establishment of capitalism, it is unlikely to find this kind of protestant ethics sustaining in the modern society because a row of inherited decorousty without the essence of liven and ethics indue the sons and daughters of the protestants with no responsibility, making them fat pigs rather than dissatisfied Socrates, figuratively speaking. rear end Wesley, the founder of Methodist church, was also concerned with the likeliness of earning more money with less religious spirit (Weber, 2006189).From my point of view, I personally believe that Webers idea on religion is more d esirable compared to that of Marx in explaining the modern society. First, I agree with Webers main argument on religion that religious (Protestant) ethics are one of core factors bringing out changes in our lives. This is because Protestant ethics such as diligent, hard-working, and ascetic are related to the idea of merit form which is, in our modern lives, believed to be the way for equality and middlingness. We live in a society where unfairness flourishes and hope to diminish whatever exists between the reality and the ideal world.The reason why this unfair world is justified is that we believe that the world values and approves those who try really hard in their field with diligence (Sang Jin, 20113). The protestant ethics, I believe, played a role in leading the meritocratic ideas to our lives. Those protestants proved the fact that people with hard-work and abstinence were surely able to achieve success in lives, and looked up to as worthy of praise. Its likely that peopl e have piecemeal believed that the society where these protestant people are successful is just and fair because they try harder than the majority of people.This leads to the idea of merit system through which humans can justify their world. In other words, by proving success with hard-work, protestant ethics paved the way for meritocracy. Second of all, the abstract religious spirits can play an important role in maintaining the society. The religions have a tendency to lead to peoples voluntary and active fellowship in social and political issues which is different from Marxs expectation. Marx believed that religion has an influence on making people submissive and obedient. However, we now see that religions are spread out massively to help out those who need attention, care, and assist.When one is involved in any activities in religion, they are more likely to act and behave than people with no religions. As they take part in the religious activities voluntarily, their communit y or religious area in bound to be more absolutely integrated because they have something in common religious spirit and altruistic mindset. We can infer from Durkheims study on suicide that those with religions have less likeliness to commit suicide than those without because they are more integrated and associated in society which leads to a more sustainable society (Durkheim, 19521897).Finally, despite the fact that the original spirit of capitalism might have been diminished or in decline, it already provided an image of religious people and acts as a criterion for those. virtually say that the religious or protestant ethics are already faded away, but its still true that we have a some take of image towards religious people that they would be more upright and ascetic than non-religious people. For example, when Koreans hang out nowadays, they often ask one another if they take up alcoholic beverage or not. And we usually take it for apt(p) that the people believing in God do not drink alcohol.Likewise, these people mainly Christian-Protestant are expected not to drink alcohol or do drugs. This is because we know by experiencing a bunch of these people that These guys are not (mostly) bad guys. Even if they do not possess the mindset as their ancestors did, the society already formed some sort of image toward these religious people throughout the history. Therefore, the society enables and enforces the religious people to act and behave in accordance with the protestant. In other words, their ancestors image still lives within us and affects our lives.Even though I believe that Webers idea on religion is more proper when it comes to explanations of modern world, it would be more credible and wise to make a leap with both of the great thinkers explanations. This is because these so-called sociologists seem to lag back the other in some field and some not. For example, Webers reasoning was not sufficient in explaining Eastern countries huge developmen t even with the religion- Confucianism which considered to be negative in capitalisms good (Weber, 2006243).And Marxs reasoning would require additional explanations of modern religions in that religions are diversified and playing roles as many. These two dominant thinkers ideas are not strange but supplementary to some extent because both of the arguments can replace and be replaced by the other (Giddens, 2011584). In conclusion, these great thinkers had different approaches on religion and elicited their unique conclusions based on their observations.Marx saw religions as the opiate of the masses and perceived it as a negative thing for humans freedom from alienation and revolutions through workers collective angers whereas Weber saw religions as somewhat positive influencer in that flourish of capitalism in western countries was based on protestant ethics which was the direct action of religion(Calvinism, to be exact). In their analysis of religions, they showed the ways they regard religions as somewhat dependent variables-Marx and somewhat independent variables-Weber (Jong Seo, 2005).Controversy exists over whether who provided more reasonable and relevant insights to our world because both of the reasoning has some weak points and strong points. However, I believe that Webers idea on religion is more suitable in order to explain the modern society due to, social maintenance, and religious criteria, and the rise of meritocracy. No matter what one says, we are not certain which one came first between the yellowish and the egg due to uncertainty. There is no absolute answer for this question.Marx and Webers observations of religions as dependent or independent variables are resonating of this never-solving causality dilemma. A circular cause and consequence like seeing religion as the starter and seeing religion as the solvent make us wonder the question of Which came first, X that cant come without Y, or Y that cant come without X? We would be tra pped in an undated process of logics and pursuant of definite answer. Maybe its not the answer that matters but the understanding in the process that matters.The understanding that the somewhat contradictory views can, in actuality, be used as a supplement to the other so that it can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of not just religion but society in general, which as learners of sociology should pursue. All in all, the comparison of Marx and Weber on religion tells us that there is no categorical answer but understanding through which we gain our own perspectives of life. Works Cited Amanda, Review on Marx and Weber on Religion http//web. grinnell. edu/courses/soc/f01/soc295-02/marx_weber. html Giddens Anthony, Sociology. ????? , 2011Jong Seo Kim, Sociology of Religion, ????? ??? , 2005 Marx Karl, Critique of Hegels Philosophy of Right, CambridgeUniversity Press, 1977 M. Argyle B. Beit-Hallahmi, The Social psychology of Religion, London Routledge Kegan Paul, 1975 San g Jin Jeon, ????? , ????? , 2011 Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophy, definition, http//plato. stanford. edu/entries/methodological-individualism/ Swatos William H, Peter Kivisto, Encyclopedia of religion and society, Rowman Altamira, 1998 Turner Jonathan H. , Sociology. Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005 Weber Max, Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism, Ed, ??? , ?? , 2006

Kinds of research data Essay

The basic classification of explore information is in terms of valued and qualitative methods. Quantitative research entails examination of numerical data by using mathematical models and statistical procedures. (Morgan, 2000). Qualitative research involves use of abridgment and opinions to explain interviews and documents and infrastanding the phenomenon. The believe requires a qualitative and some quantifiable approach rather than a purely numerical one. Data accretion Approaches Data collection approaches sens be chief(a) and secondary.Both primary and secondary approaches leave be utilized Extensive research ordain be carried show up in the Library as well as on the World Wide Web. Qualitative Research Methodologies Qualitative methodology focuses on quality a term referring to the essence or atmospheric state of something. Qualitative methods are used to understand complex fond phenomena. In the present situation, literature survey along with interviews and quest ionnaires ordain be the key kayoed techniques used for data collection, collation and analysis. Case- subscribe to Research Methodology.Case call for in the primary research methodology employed in this study. A fact study is an enquiry which uses multiple sources of evidence. It evaluates a contemporary phenomenon in existing life context within the boundaries of the phenomenon and when the context is not clearly evident. Potter, (1996) has outlined case study as a realistic methodology, which deals with solid and special questions. Case study translates research objectives into more researchable problems, and provides rich examples, which are light-headed to comprehend.The signifi natesce of case studies is its revealing the meaning of a phenomenon. A partner group case study approach is considered best suited than otherwise techniques to implement this research, as it testament concentrate on an empirical, contemporary problem. It leave behind also enable answering th e questions as, why and, how to understand the underlying motivations. It will generate empirical data and interesting information specific to the phenomenon under study. Research cases offer a unique tool to testing opening by examining phenomena which are beyond the traditional statistical approaches. (Potter, 1996).Case study research is useful to the aims because the degree to which a case study produces reasoned and credible information is generally higher than qualitative research in a more general survey. An analysis of the Chinese and UK banking systems is proposed to be carried out with reference to the case study of Bank of China and HSBC, London. Limitations of Case Study One of the limits of case studies is the difficulty of generalizing their go onings. If the case design is sound and if the tec is careful to be explicit about the phenomenon and the context of the study, then solvings can be generalized.(Potter, 1996).Another limit of case studies is that they gener ate a batch of information that needs to be logically handled to strengthen the argument presented in order to develop credible conclusion. Research Instruments Primary data is imperturbable for the research study to answer a specific question. Ways of collection this kind of information includes surveys, observation or controlled experiments. written reports are one of the or so common ways to collect data, where the subject can be contacted done mail, telephone or directly in personal interviews. (Veal, 2000).It entails sending questionnaires, interviews and non-formal enquiries make to people. By carrying out interviews of a significant number of individuals a blanket(a) perspective can be provided. This research will collect data by essentially the method of interviews and questionnaires. Data Collection Method Questionnaire Survey Surveys are frequently used to obtain information about social issues. Jones (1997) has described that survey needs planned strategy to gather data. Surveys can be conducted in many ways, over the telephone, by mail or in person.Questionnaire surveys are ideal for providing complex information. Questionnaire involves a sample of the world which can range from few hundreds to few thousands depending on the research study (Veal, 2000). Questionnaire technique has been used in the study. Limitation of the questionnaires On an average the advantages surmount the disadvantages, but a key drawback is low response rate. This will result in low level of confidence and distort the analogy of statistical information.Another weakness of questionnaire is the fact that it is a structured format and allows short(p) room for flexibility with respect to reply by the respondents. Interview Interviews will form an interactive part of this study and will be carried out after the secondary research is done in combination with the questionnaire. When doing these interviews it will be important to keep a neutral view of the research topic, where the actual behavior instead of an intended behavior needs to be identified. Veal (2000) has described interview as a strategy to find out from people about the things, which cannot be observed directly.

Roles of Spartan Women

Question 1 With reference to seminal fluid A, what does the evidence reveal virtu totallyy the roles and status of wo hands in stern society. In S dowrya, wo man top executive were well respected and had multiple roles within society. They were given more exemption than in nigh some other Greek societies. The main reason for this was the occurrence that Sparta had a state of warrior culture and the manpower were out either at war or training for war. while the men were away the women had multiple roles. The most grievous of which was to give birth to hale stark children to get under ones skin warriors.Some of the other roles women had included participating in religious festivals, and managing the kleros. As mentioned above, the most important role of grave women was to give birth to healthy Spartan babies to become warriors. Xenophon stated for free women the most important job was to bear children. In order to produce healthy children, women underwent physical trainin g. This was because it was thought that a healthy mother would produce a healthy child. Lycurgus stated that only women who died in childbearing would be allowed to have a marked grave.Archaeological evidence has been found to support this statement. This highlights the importance of childbirth in Spartan society. From birth, mothers disciplined their children and instilled the attitudes of the agoge. They embed the ideas of performing at perfection and were responsible for raising children to conform and be loyal to Sparta. When their sons reached the age of seven, the mothers would freely give their sons to the agoge for their military training.Women would maintain the ideologies of the agoge and Spartan society by ridiculing men that were cowards and praising those who were heroes. Plutarch speaks of this in source A. In Sparta, marriage by capture was thought to have been practiced. As describe by Plutarch, the bride would have her head shaved, she would be dressed in mens c lothes, and she would then lie in a dark room. The men would then come into the room, lift her onto the bed, have intercourse with her, and then pass along to his normal sleeping place. t is said that these customs were practiced in order to make the man feel more comfortable about having intercourse with a woman. From this point onwards, meetings between the couple were done in secret. Xenophon suggests that this was done to build up excitement and sexual tension so that when they finally did meet, the offspring produced would be stronger and healthier as a result. in that respect is evidence to show that Spartan women had an important role in Spartan religion. Archaeological evidence has been found at the sanctuary of Artemis Orthia.This evidence includes hundreds of dedicated offerings. These offering were usually lead figurines in the shape of women. It is thought that these figurines symbolised childbirth and pregnant women would make these offerings either to ask for a succ essful childbirth or to ask to bear a strong, healthy son. Women likewise took part in three of the major festivals that took place in Sparta the Karneia, the Hyakinthia and the Gymnopaediae. At the Hyakinthia, women rode in ceremonial chariots, marched in procession, sung, danced and took part in sacrifices.At the Gymnopaediae, women would compete with the males in athletic competitions. Spartan women also had a small, yet important role in the Spartan economy. Spartan women were required to oversee the kleros while the men were away at war or training. This meant that the men were dependent on their wifes efficiency in order to provide their contribution to the syssitia. Women could also inherit property from her familys estate. However, she did not own this attain. Instead this land either formed part of a dowry or was passed onto her sons.According to Aristotle well-nigh two-fifths of the social unit country is held by women. The main sources we have that relate to Spartan women all have limitations. Some of the main writers that we gain information from argon Herodotus, Aristotle, Thucydides, Plutarch and Xenophon. The reliability of these sources is limited due to the fact that none of the writers were from Sparta, they are all male, and the fact that it was seen has normal to make up stories rather than tell the whole truth.Some of the information provided may have been stereotypes created in order to emphasise the warrior record of Sparta, however the information is nonetheless useful to modern day historians. In conclusion, Spartan women were a crucial part of Spartan society. without them, there would be no soldiers for the army nor would the kleros be run smoothly while the men were away at war or in training. It is through distinguishable sources, both archaeological and written, that it is evident that Spartan women had some degree of power and responsibilities within Spartan society.